What is Keratosis Pilaris?
Keratosis pilaris is a common skin condition that typically resolves on its own over time. While it usually does not require specific medical intervention, various products are available to help improve the appearance of the affected skin.
Medical Treatments for Keratosis Pilaris
Creams to Remove Dead Skin Cells
Creams containing alpha hydroxy acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid, or urea are effective in loosening and removing dead skin cells. Additionally, these formulations help to moisturize and soften dry skin, making them known as topical exfoliants. Depending on their potency, these creams can be obtained either with a prescription or as over-the-counter products. Your healthcare provider can offer guidance on the most suitable option and the recommended frequency of application.
Creams to Prevent Plugged Follicles
Creams derived from vitamin A, referred to as topical retinoids, work by promoting cell turnover and preventing the blockage of hair follicles. Examples of topical retinoids include tretinoin (Altreno, Avita, Renova, Retin-A, among others) and tazarotene (Arazlo, Avage, Tazorac, among others). It is important to note that these products can cause skin irritation and dryness. Consistent use of a medicated cream may lead to an improvement in skin appearance, but the condition typically recurs if treatment is discontinued.
Lifestyle and Home Remedies
While self-help measures cannot prevent keratosis pilaris or eliminate it, they can contribute to improving the appearance of the affected skin. It is advisable to test any new product on a small area of affected skin, such as an arm, before widespread application.
Bathing Practices
It is recommended to use warm water and limit bath time to approximately 10 minutes or less, as hot water and prolonged exposure can strip the skin of its natural oils. When cleansing, be gentle with the skin and avoid harsh, drying soaps. Gently exfoliating with a washcloth or loofah is preferred over vigorous scrubbing, which can irritate the skin and exacerbate the condition.
Medicated Creams and Moisturizers
Applying an over-the-counter cream containing urea, lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acid, or salicylic acid can help loosen dead skin cells and moisturize the skin. After bathing, while the skin is still moist, apply a moisturizer containing ingredients like lanolin, petroleum jelly, or glycerin. These ingredients help to soothe dry skin and lock in moisture. Thicker moisturizers, such as Eucerin and Cetaphil, tend to be most effective.
Environmental Factors
Using a humidifier can help combat skin dryness caused by low humidity levels. Additionally, avoiding friction from tight clothing can prevent further irritation.
Preparing for Your Appointment
Your initial point of contact for keratosis pilaris is typically your healthcare provider. In some cases, you may be referred to a dermatologist, a specialist in skin diseases.
Questions Your Doctor May Ask
Your healthcare provider will likely inquire about several aspects of your condition. Being prepared to answer these questions can help maximize the time available for discussing any concerns you may have.